DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS -26 JULY 2019- 10 MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS FROM THE HINDU

IMPORTANT TOPICS FOR TODAY 
                              http://dailycurrentaffairs-sumit.blogspot.com
                                     
BY SUMIT BHARDWAJ                     26 JULY 2019

PRELIMS+ MAINS =COURSE OF STUDY FROM  THE HINDU….

1.Karnataka Speaker disqualifies three rebel Congress MLAs                   ( GS-2)

• CONTEXT:KARNATAKA POLITICAL TURMOIL.
• TOPIC TO STUDY FROM THE ARTICLE:
• ANTI DEFECTION LAW(POINTS):
• 1985
• 10TH SCHEDULE
• 52 ND CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT ACT
• 2002 ----91 ST CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT ACT
• Grounds of Defection:
• The grounds on which disqualification can be incurred are as under:
• Members belonging to political parties
• A member of a House belonging to any political party shall be disqualified for being a member of House—
• If he has voluntarily given up his membership of such political party.
• If he votes or abstains from voting in such House contrary to any direction issued by the political party to which he belongs or by any person or authority authorised by it, without obtaining the prior permission of such political party and such voting or abstention has not been condoned by such political party within fifteen days from the date of such voting or abstention.
• An elected member of a House shall be deemed to belong to the political party, if any, by which he was set up as a candidate for elections as such member.
• A nominated member of a House shall:
• Where he is a member of any political party on the date of his nomination as such member, be deemed to belong to that political party.
• In any other case, be deemed to belong to the political party of which he becomes, or, first becomes, a member before the expiry of six months from the date on which he takes his seat after complying with the requirements of Article 99 or Article 188.
• Member elected otherwise than as candidate set up by any political party
• An elected Member of a House who has been elected as such otherwise than as a candidate set up by any political party shall be disqualified for being a member of the House if he joins any political party after such election.
• Nominated Members
• A nominated member of a House shall be disqualified for being a member of the House if he joins any political party after the expiry of six months from the date on which he takes his seat after complying with the requirements of article 99 or as the case may be, article 188.
• Cases of split
• The Tenth Schedule as added to the Constitution by the Constitution (Fifty-second Amendment) Act, 1985 contained a provision (paragraph 3 of the Tenth Schedule) that no member will be disqualified from the membership of the House where he makes a claim that he and any other members of his legislature party constitute a group representing a faction which has arisen as a result of a split in his original political party and this group consists of not less than one third members of the legislature party concerned.
• This provision has since been omitted from the Tenth Schedule by the Constitution (Ninety-first Amendment) Act, 2003. Consequently, it is not now permissible to claim a split in the legislature party.
• Cases of merger
• No member will be disqualified from the membership of the House where his original political party merges with another political party and he claims that he and any other members of his original political party have become members of the other political party or of the newly formed political party provided not less than two third of the members of the legislature party concerned have agreed to such merger.
• Exemption to persons elected to the office of Speaker/Chairman or Deputy Speaker/Deputy Chairman
• No disqualification is incurred by a person who has been elected to the office of the Speaker or the Deputy Speaker if he severs his connections with his political party after such election.
• Also, no disqualification is incurred if he, having given up by reason of his election to such office, his membership of the political party to which he belonged immediately before such election, rejoins such political party after he ceases to hold such office.
• Deciding Authority
• The question as to whether a member of a House of Parliament or State Legislature has become subject to disqualification will be determined by the Chairman/Speaker of the House and his decision will be final.
• Where the question is with reference to the Chairman/Speaker himself it will be decided by a member of the House elected by the House in that behalf and his decision will be final.
• All proceedings in relation to any question as to disqualification of a member of a House under the Tenth Schedule shall be deemed to be proceedings in Parliament within the meaning of Article 122.
• Rule-Making Power
• The Chairman or the Speaker of a House has been empowered to make rules for giving effect to the provisions of the Tenth Schedule. The rules are required to be laid before each House and are subject to modifications/disapproval by the House.
• The Chairman or the Speaker of the House may without prejudice to the provision of article 105 or as the case may be, article 194, and to any other power which he may have under the Constitution direct that any wilful contravention by any person of the rules made under paragraph 8 of the Tenth Schedule may be dealt with in the same manner as a breach of privilege of the House.
• DECISION MAKING POWER -WITH THE PRESISDING OFFICERS OF THE HOUSE THAT IS THE SPEAKER.

2.RTI Amendment Bill passed 
in Rajya Sabha                            ( GS-2)

• SECTION 13 ,16 ,27 AMENDED
• The Bill removes this provision and states that the central government will notify the term of office for the CIC and the ICs.
•  The Bill removes these provisions and states that the salaries, allowances, and other terms and conditions of service of the central and state CIC and ICs will be determined by the central government.
• A MASTER KEY TO GOOD GOVERNANCE

3.Green panel approves creation of
reservoirs on Yamuna floodplains…..   GS-1

• ABOUT YAMUNA RIVER SYSTEM:
• The Yamuna (Hindustani: pronounced [jəmʊnaː]), also known as the Jumna or Jamna (not to be mistaken with the Jamuna of Bangladesh), is the second largest tributary river of the Ganges (Ganga) and the longest tributary in India. Originating from the Yamunotri Glacier at a height of 6,387 metres (20,955 ft) on the southwestern slopes of Banderpooch peaks of the Lower Himalaya in Uttarakhand, it travels a total length of 1,376 kilometres (855 mi) and has a drainage system of 366,223 square kilometres (141,399 sq mi), 40.2% of the entire Ganges Basin. It merges with the Ganges at Triveni Sangam, Prayagraj (Prayagraj), which is a site of the Kumbh Mela, a Hindu festival held every 12 years.
• Tributaries  
• Hindon, Tons, Giri, Rishiganga, Hanuman Ganga, Sasur Khaderi
• Chambal, Betwa, Ken, Sindh, Baghain

4.Drug menace: Haryana, H.P.mull law on lines of MCOCA 

GS-3

• DRUG MENANCE:SOCIETAL PROBLEM

                                :LAW AND ORDER                
                                  PROBLEM

•  joint operations at the inter-State borders,
• information sharing
• implementation of the best practices of the participating States
• strengthening the information sharing mechanism on drugs and drug dealers-smugglers
• to jointly press the Centre to come out with a national drugs policy in order to effectively tackle the growing menace.

5.Rajasthan occupies second rank in employment generation      GS-2

• With 16 crore man-days having been created under the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA), Rajasthan has occupied second position in generating employment this year.
• National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (NREGA):
• The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (MGNREGA), also known as Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MNREGS) is Indian legislation enacted on August 25, 2005. The MGNREGA provides a legal guarantee for one hundred days of employment in every financial year to adult members of any rural household willing to do public work-related unskilled manual work at the statutory minimum wage. The Ministry of Rural Development (MRD), Govt of India is monitoring the entire implementation of this scheme in association with state governments
• This act was introduced with an aim of improving the purchasing power of the rural people, primarily semi or un-skilled work to people living below poverty line in rural India. It attempts to bridge the gap between the rich and poor in the country. Roughly one-third of the stipulated work force must be women.
• Adult members of rural households submit their name, age and address with photo to the Gram Panchayat. The Gram Panchayat registers households after making enquiry and issues a job card. The job card contains the details of adult member enrolled and his /her photo. Registered person can submit an application for work in writing (for at least fourteen days of continuous work) either to Panchayat or to Programme Officer.
• The Panchayat/Programme officer will accept the valid application and issue dated receipt of application, letter providing work will be sent to the applicant and also displayed at Panchayat office. The employment will be provided within a radius of 5 km: if it is above 5 km extra wage will be paid.

6.Arunachal tiger park facing a wage crisis

GS-3

• Namdapha Tiger Reserve:
• Nestled in the Himalayas, Namdapha in the Changlang district of Arunachal Pradesh, covers an area of about 2,000 sq. km. including a buffer zone of 177 sq. km. Namdapha is, in fact, the meeting point of varying zoo geographic zones, which makes it possible for Himalayan, Indo-Burmese and Indo-Chinese flora and fauna to thrive here. For entomologists and botanists, Namdapha provides endless opportunity, for much of its biology is still unrecorded and special species await discovery by man.
• NTCA:The National Tiger Conservation Authority was established in December 2005 following a recommendation of the Tiger Task Force, constituted by the Prime Minister of India for reorganised management of Project Tiger and the many Tiger Reserves in India.WPA 1972.
• GLOBAL TIGER DAY :29 TH JULY:TIGER CENSUS

7.The terrorist tag        (GS-3)

• CONTEXT:India needs tough laws to combat terror, but the proposed amendments could be misused
• latest amendments to the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act 
• The provision to empower the head of the National Investigation Agency to approve the forfeiture of property of those involved in terrorism cases obviously overrides a function of the State government. At present, the approval has to be given by the State police head. Also, there will be a section allowing NIA Inspectors to investigate terrorism cases, as against a Deputy Superintendent of Police or an Assistant Commissioner. This significantly enhances the scope for misuse. The 2004 amendments to the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, 1967, made it a comprehensive anti-terror law that provided for punishing acts of terrorism, as well as for designating groups as ‘terrorist organisations’.

8.5G, data localisation to dominate BRICS meeting    GS-2,3

• Calling for a united stand on issues surrounding 5G networks and data storage, diplomats from the five-nation grouping of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa said the digital economy would dominate the meeting of BRICS Foreign Ministers in Brasilia on Friday.
• ABOUT BRICS:BRICS is the acronym coined for an association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. Originally the first four were grouped as "BRIC", before the induction of South Africa in 2010

9.Ukraine seizes Russian ship in Black Sea      GS-1

• Black Sea:The Black Sea is a body of water and marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between the Balkans, Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Western Asia. It is supplied by a number of major rivers, such as the Danube, Dnieper, Southern Bug, Dniester, Don, and the Rioni

SOURCE :MITRA IAS

10.Earth is warming at faster pace than in last 2,000 years: study    GS-3

• World temperatures rose faster in the late 20th century than at any other time in the last 2,000 years, according to a study released on Wednesday.
• Climate variability — the fluctuation of surface temperatures over time — has long been the subject of debate.
• While average global temperatures are currently around 1°C hotter than pre-industrial times, there have been a number of periods of cooling and warming over the centuries. This had led sceptics of manmade global warming to suggest that human activity is not the main driver of climate change.
• A paper, published in the journal Nature, examined regional temperature trends over time.
• A second paper, in Nature Geoscience, examined rates of surface warming, averaged over sub-periods each a few decades long.
• The study found that pre-industrial temperature fluctuations were largely driven by volcanic activity.
• But it also concluded that humans had never witnessed such rapid global warming as in the latter part of the 20th century.

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