DAILY CURRENT AFFAIRS -27 JULY 2019- 10 MOST IMPORTANT TOPICS FROM THE HINDU

IMPORTANT TOPICS FOR TODAY 

                        http://dailycurrentaffairs-sumit.blogspot.com
                                             
BY SUMIT BHARDWAJ                                           27 JULY 2019

PRELIMS+ MAINS =COURSE OF STUDY FROM  THE HINDU….

1.New anti-terror clause will not be misused, says official                                     (GS-2,3)

• CONTEXT:
• The proposed amendment to the Unlawful Activities Prevention Act (UAPA) that enables the government to designate individuals as terrorists will be used “sparingly”, a senior government official said on Friday.
• The government is yet to define the rules that will govern the Unlawful Activities Prevention (Amendment) Bill, 2019. The official said the process was non-judicial. It will be decided by officials of the Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) and the “burden of proof” will be on the government.
• ABOUT:Unlawful Activities Prevention (Amendment) Bill, 2019:
• Currently as per section 25 of the UAPA, forfeiture of property representing proceeds of terrorism can only be made with prior approval in writing by the DGPs of the state wherein such property is located. However, many times terror accused own properties in different states. In such cases, seeking approval of DGPs of different states becomes very difficult, and the delay caused by the same may enable the accused to transfer properties etc.
• As per section 43 of UAPA, an officer not below the rank of DSP or equivalent is competent to investigate offences under Chapter IV and Chapter VI of the UAPA. NIA is facing shortage of DSPs, and the number of cases has increased significantly. Presently NIA has 29 DSPs against 57 sanctioned posts and 90 inspectors against 106 sanctioned posts.
• Inspectors of NIA have acquired sufficient proficiency to investigate these offenses and Senior officers are required to be better utilized for supervision of investigation.  Thus, Shri Reddy said, the amendments to this section are being proposed to make the inspectors of NIA competent to investigate offences punishable under Chapter IV and Chapter VI of UAPA. The Minister assured the House that senior officers of NIA supervise all cases to expedite investigations in accordance with law.
• Further, the International Convention for Suppression of Acts of Nuclear Terrorism (2005) has also been added in the Second Schedule through this Amendment.

2.Heritage by-laws for Purana Qila, Sher Shah Gate, Khair-ul-Manazil table          GS-1

• CONTEXT:
• Construction near Purana Qila, Khair-ul-Manazil mosque and Sher Shah Gate in the Capital will now be regulated by heritage by-laws that were tabled in Parliament on Friday, making them the law of the land.
• National Monuments Authority member-secretary Navneet Soni said the by-laws drafted by NMA had been laid on the table of both Houses of Parliament.
• Purana Qila:Purana Qila is one of the oldest forts in Delhi. The site has been continuously inhabited for 2,500 years and remains dating from the pre-Mauryan period have been found. The present citadel was begun in the time of Humayun and its construction continued under Sher Shah Suri.
• Khair-ul-Manazil:Khairul Manazil or Khair-ul-Manazil is a historical mosque built in 1561 in New Delhi, India. The mosque is situated in the opposite of Purana Qila on Mathura Road, south east to Sher Shah Gate.
• National Monuments Authority :National Monuments Authority (NMA) under the Ministry of Culture, Govt. of India has been setup as per provisions of The Ancient Monuments and Archaeological Sites and Remains AMASR (Amendment and Validation) Act, 2010 which was enacted in March, 2010. Several functions have been assigned to the NMA for the protection and preservation of monuments and sites through management of the prohibited and regulated area around the centrally protected monuments. One amongst these responsibilities of NMA is also to consider grant of permissions to applicants for construction related activity in the prohibited and regulated area

3.Cleaning Yamuna: U.P., Haryana, DDA, DJB slammed for inaction     (GS-1,3)

• CONTEXT:A National Green Tribunal-appointed monitoring committee on the issue of cleaning of Yamuna river, in a recent report, has attacked the UP and Haryana governments, the Delhi Development Authority and the Delhi Jal Board for their inaction.
• National Green Tribunal: National Green Tribunal Act, 2010 is an Act of the Parliament of India which enables creation of a special tribunal to handle the expeditious disposal of the cases pertaining to environmental issues
• Yamuna river:The Yamuna (Hindustani: pronounced [jəmʊnaː]), also known as the Jumna or Jamna (not to be mistaken with the Jamuna of Bangladesh), is the second largest tributary river of the Ganges (Ganga) and the longest tributary in India. Originating from the Yamunotri Glacier at a height of 6,387 metres (20,955 ft) on the southwestern slopes of Banderpooch peaks of the Lower Himalaya in Uttarakhand, it travels a total length of 1,376 kilometres (855 mi) and has a drainage system of 366,223 square kilometres (141,399 sq mi), 40.2% of the entire Ganges Basin. It merges with the Ganges at Triveni Sangam, Prayagraj (Prayagraj), which is a site of the Kumbh Mela, a Hindu festival held every 12 years.

4.Rajasthan gets assurance from Punjab    

( GS-2)

• CONTEXT:Rajasthan has received an assurance from Punjab for relining of the Ferozepur feeder for the Indira Gandhi Canal system to increase its water carrying capacity to 11,192 cusecs, as per its original design.
• The Punjab government will shortly submit a detailed project report to the Central Water Commission in this respect and both the States would bear the expenditure proportionately.
• Indira Gandhi Canal system:The Indira Gandhi Canal is the longest canal of India . It starts from the Harike Barrage at Harike, a few kilometers below the confluence of the Satluj and Beas rivers in the Indian state of Punjab and terminates in irrigation facilities in the Thar Desert in the north west of Rajasthan state. Previously known as the Rajasthan Canal, it was renamed the Indira Gandhi Canal on 2 November 1984 following the assassination of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
• The canal consists of the Rajasthan feeder canal with the first 167 kilometres (104 mi) in Punjab and Haryana state and a further 37 kilometres (23 mi) in Rajasthan followed by the 445 kilometres (277 mi) of the Rajasthan main canal, which is entirely within Rajasthan. The canal enters Haryana from Punjab near Lohgarh village then runs through the western part of the Sirsa district before entering Rajasthan near Kharakhera village in the Tibbi tehsil of the Hanumangarh district. The canal traverses seven districts of Rajasthan: Barmer, Bikaner, Churu, Hanumangarh, Jaisalmer, Jodhpur, and Sriganganagar. 
• Central Water Commission : Central Water Commission is a premier Technical Organization of India in the field of Water Resources and is presently functioning as an attached office of the Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation, Government of India.

5.China, Russia, France share satellite data on Assam floods      GS-3

• CONTEXT:
• With Assam inundated by floods, several countries including China, Russia and France collaborated with India on sharing satellite images of the scale of inundation. As signatories to the The International Charter Space and Major Disasters, any of the 32 member countries can send a ‘request’ to activate the Charter. This would immediately trigger a request by the coordinators to space agencies of other countries whose satellites have the best eyes on the site of the disaster.
• Based on an activation request by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) on July 17, France’s National Centre for Space Studies, China National Space Administration and ROSCOSMOS of Russia shared satellite images of the flood situation in the districts of Dhubri, Marigaon, Barpeta, Dhemaji, Lakhimpur in Assam with ISRO’s National Remote Sensing Centre. ISRO’s CARTOSAT satellites too got the Indian space agency its own images.
• The International Charter Space and Major Disasters:
• The International Charter "Space and Major Disasters" is a non-binding charter which provides for the charitable and humanitarian retasked acquisition of and transmission of space satellite data to relief organizations in the event of major disasters.
• ISRO’s CARTOSAT :
• Cartosat-2 is an Earth observation satellite in a sun-synchronous orbit and the second of the Cartosat series of satellites. The satellite was built, launched and maintained by the Indian Space Research Organisation. Weighing around 680 kg at launch, its applications will mainly be towards cartography in India
• 

                        SOURCE: eoPortal

6.Companies Bill tightens CSR compliance

GS-2

• CONTEXT:The Lok Sabha on Friday passed the Companies (Amendment) Bill, 2019 which seeks to amend the Companies Act, 2013 and is aimed at tightening the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) compliance, transferring certain responsibilities to the National Company Law Tribunal and re-categorising certain offences as civil offences. It replaced an ordinance promulgated earlier.
• Companies (Amendment) Bill, 2019:
• he Companies (Amendment) Bill, 2019 was introduced in Lok Sabha on July 25, 2019 by the Minister of Finance, Ms. Nirmala Sitharaman. It amends the Companies Act, 2013.  
• Issuance of dematerialised shares:Under the Act, certain classes of public companies are required to issue shares in dematerialised form only.  The Bill states this may be prescribed for other classes of unlisted companies as well.  
•  Re-categorisation of certain Offences: The 2013 Act contains 81 compoundable offences punishable with fine or fine or imprisonment, or both. These offences are heard by courts. The Bill re-categorizes 16 of these offences as civil defaults, where adjudicating officers (appointed by the central government) may now levy penalties instead. These offences include: (i) issuance of shares at a discount, and (ii) failure to file annual return.  Further, the Bill amends the penalties for some other offences.
• Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Under the Act, if companies which have to provide for CSR, do not fully spent the funds, they must disclose the reasons for non-spending in their annual report.  Under the Bill, any unspent annual CSR funds must be transferred to one of the funds under Schedule 7 of the Act (e.g., PM Relief Fund) within six months of the financial year. 

7.Army Chief Bipin Rawat warns Pakistan against any misadventure in Jammu and Kashmir                  GS-3

• CONTEXT:President Ram Nath Kovind and Army chief Bipin Rawat on Friday paid tributes to the soldiers who laid down their lives during the Kargil war 20 years ago. The Army chief used the occasion to warn Pakistan against a repeat of its misadventure in J&K.
• Kargil war :
• The Kargil War, also known as the Kargil conflict,was an armed conflict between India and Pakistan that took place between May and July 1999 in the Kargil district of Kashmir and elsewhere along the Line of Control (LOC). In India, the conflict is also referred to as Operation Vijay (Hindi: विजय, literally "Victory") which was the name of the Indian operation to clear the Kargil sector

8.Kerala may have undercounted jumbos  
 GS-3

• CONTEXT:Kerala may have undercounted almost 2,700 elephants in the latest elephant census, the response to a question in the Lok Sabha on India’s elephant numbers indicated.
• Project Elephant:
• Project Elephant was launched in 1992 by the Government of India Ministry of Environment and Forests to provide financial and technical support of wildlife management efforts by states for their free ranging populations of wild Asian Elephants. The project aims to ensure long-term survival of viable conservation reliant populations of elephants in their natural habitats by protecting the elephants, their habitats and migration corridors. Other goals of Project Elephant are supporting research of the ecology and management of elephants, creating awareness of conservation among local people, providing improved veterinary care for captive elephants

9.SC declines plea on Bihar AES deaths              GS-2

• ABOUT AES:Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (AES) including Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is a group of clinically similar neurologic manifestation caused by several different viruses, bacteria, fungus, parasites, spirochetes, chemical/ toxins etc. The outbreak of JE usually coincides with the monsoon and post monsoon period when the density of mosquitoes increases while encephalitis due to other viruses specially entero-viruses occurs throughout the year as it is a water borne disease.
• Who is affected?
• It predominantly affects population below 15 years.
• There is seasonal and geographical variation in the causative organism.
• JEV has its endemic zones running along the Gangetic plain including states of UP (east), Bihar, West Bengal and Assam, and parts of Tamil Nadu.
• The epidemiological analysis of the data collected for the States from 2008-2013 revealed the following:
• Most vulnerable age group between 1-5 years followed by 5-10 years and 10-15 years in that order.
• Least JE infections in infants (0-1 year).
• All the endemic States except Assam start reporting JE cases from July onwards attaining a peak in September-October. In Assam the cases start appearing from February and attain a peak in the month of July.
• Due to circulation of entero-viruses particularly in Eastern Uttar Pradesh AES cases are reported round the year.
• In India, AES outbreaks in north and eastern India have been linked to children eating unripe litchi fruit on empty stomachs. Unripe fruit contain the toxins hypoglycin A and methylenecyclopropylglycine (MCPG), which cause vomiting if ingested in large quantities. Hypoglycin A is a naturally occurring amino acid found in the unripened litchi that causes severe vomiting (Jamaican vomiting sickness), while MCPG is a poisonous compound found in litchi seeds that causes a sudden drop in blood sugar, vomiting, altered mental states leading to lethargy, unconsciousness, coma and death. These toxins cause sudden high fever and seizures serious enough to require hospitalisation in young, severely malnourished children.

10.Respond to plea on lynching order: SC              GS-2

• CONTEXT:
• The Supreme Court on Friday sought the response of the Central government, the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) and State governments to a plea seeking the implementation of its July 2018 judgement laying down several preventive, remedial and punitive measures to combat the crime of lynching.
• National Human Rights Commission (NHRC) :
• The National Human Rights Commission of India is a Statutory public body constituted on 12 October 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Ordinance of 28 September 1993. It was given a statutory basis by the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.

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